Cultural Sovereignty, Cultural Extremism and Issues of Constitutional Axiology

Abstract

This article is devoted to the 25^th anniversary of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the changes that have occurred during this time in the legal regulation of the spiritual sphere of society. Taking into account the historical conditions of the adoption of the Constitution of Russia in 1993, it is noticeable orientation on the principles of liberalism and individualism in culture. The Constitution enshrines human rights and freedoms as the highest value and renounces the existence of a state ideology. On the example of acts of the President of the Russian Federation on national security shows the gradual transformation of state policy in the spiritual sphere, the rejection of the principles of liberalism and individualism, a return to the traditional spiritual and moral values of Russia. In the constitutional law of Russia, there was a conflict of values related to the spiritual life of society. On the one hand, it is proclaimed that human rights and freedoms in the spiritual sphere have priority, on the other hand, the policy of cultural sovereignty of the country is implemented. The article raises the problem of cultural extremism, examines its ambiguous relationship with the strengthening of the role of the state in the cultural sphere. The issues of constitutional axiology are considered in relation to the problems under consideration. The authors come to the conclusion about the equal constitutional and legal value of human rights and freedoms in the cultural sphere and cultural sovereignty of the state, the need to combine these two values.